Progymnasmata Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Progymnasmata - Essay Example A rundown of 14 activities is remembered for progymnasmataranked arranged by their expanding unpredictability, and expanding request of information required. These evaluations are to be specific tale for example at the point when a people story is rehashed, account that fundamentally follows fiction or verifiable, Chreiai.e. in view of a well known expression or activity, Proverb for example approaching understudies to contend for and against a theme, Refutation that invalidates an account, Confirmation that endorses the story, Commonplace i.e.based on some basic counsel, Encomium that portrays someone’s points, Invective that dislikes some malevolent demonstration, Comparison for example straightforward examination of two articles or creatures, Personification for example the depiction of some anecdotal character, Description that produces graphically a specific subject, Argument that portrays an examination been done for the most part, and afterward Legislation in which cont ention emerges for and illegal. The explanatory activities first beginnings at lower level, understudies are given short trainings for recitations. These activities increments with time and afterward they are trailed by lengthened preparing practices for their own discourse meetings. Thusly of preparing is utilized in two times of craftsmanship; old style and renaissance. The preparation followed the particular request of execution; there is a predefined plan, which is followed to take understudies towards Progymnasmata. Various degrees of preparing as referenced above incorporate; tale, story, chreia, maxim, nullification and some others while this course of execution closes with portrayal, proposal, and defense.(Rapind Intellect Group) Progymnasmata stays mainstream for long time because of its extraordinary methods of usage, little activities are simpler to follow and the degree of understanding increments step by step. At start the preparation for simple summarizing, portrayal and invalidation is given when the

Executive Branch Essay Example for Free

Official Branch Essay The official branch is the most impressive part of government. The official branch makes the president. It additionally gives the president the job of financial pioneer. What's more, he/she can likewise make official requests that have the power of law. These are only a portion of the numerous jobs that make the official branch the most impressive part of government. At the point when the president has the job of president he/she is enabled to go through power to back our international strategy. They are accountable for the military, naval force, flying corps, marines, and the coast monitor. The top administrators of these parts of administration are subordinate to the president. The president is likewise our financial pioneer. He/She manages joblessness, rising costs, high charges and that's only the tip of the iceberg. When casted a ballot into office the president is relied upon to mind of these issues. One key errand the president must achieve every year is to design the administrative government’s spending plan as well. To wrap things up, the president has the job of CEO. He can make an official request, which has the power of law. During his administration, Harry S. Truman needed to utilize an official request in 1948 to coordinate military. The president additionally has the ability to concede pardons. An acquittal is an assertion of absolution and opportunity from discipline. The president has numerous jobs to help maintain our nation in control. From president, financial pioneer, and CEO he/she helps everything run as easily as could reasonably be expected. The official branch is by a long shot the most remarkable part of government, since it helps keep our nation in the clear and copasetic.

Persuasive Essay Topics - How to Write a Persuasive Essay Topic

Persuasive Essay Topics - How to Write a Persuasive Essay TopicUsing language to influence people's thinking is one of the best skills you can learn. It is a skill that has been used to control human emotions and to influence the behavior of others for hundreds of years, so this is no new information.However, you may be concerned that you are not very skilled at writing persuasive essay topics. You may have studied persuasive language on paper, but you may not know how to turn your ideas into a well-written essay. That is why I want to share with you some tips for crafting effective persuasive essays.You must always use a format that is consistent with the tone of your persuasive topics. They need to be closely aligned with the content of your piece. Do not make your words too technical, it will distract from the content of your piece. If you use an academic style, do not be afraid to lean in that direction.Give the reader an opportunity to learn about your authentic ideas. Never try to drown them in detail. Instead, you should give them enough information to allow them to understand what you are trying to say. Without being too specific, you can keep the audience engaged by making them interested in what you have to say.You can also use rhetorical questions and statements to build suspense and drive the point home. Do not always rely on questions or statements. Instead, use phrases like 'You think...' and 'I believe...' or just 'Why do you think...' and 'Because...' to get the point across. When you can elicit a response from the audience, it increases your power as a persuasive writer.Finally, when you are looking for an effective way to write persuasive essay topics, you may want to consider using articles. These are a simple way to appeal to the minds of readers. Instead of writing large paragraphs full of unfamiliar terms, you can use short, straightforward sentences to explain something. They are especially effective in teaching people to think rather tha n just respond. If you have some ideas about the subject matter, you can use article topics to give your readers a better understanding of what you are trying to say.Writing persuasive essay topics is not all that difficult. There are many strategies you can use to bring your ideas to life. All you need to do is be sure that you have a clearly defined, compelling, and quality message. Use the tips above to create a well-written persuasive essay.

Tradition or Cruelty in Shirley Jacksons The Lottery Essay

Tradition or Cruelty in Shirley Jacksons The Lottery Shirley Jacksons The Lottery satirizes barbaric traditions in a supposedly civilized village. As the story begins, the villagers appear to be fairly civilized and carry on fairly modern lifestyles. This is assumed by the mens discussion of planting, rain, tractors, and taxes. The lottery was outdated to such a degree that some may think that the tradition is primal competition of anthropoid beasts. On the other hand, some think that carrying on the tradition was necessary. The question that must be answered is: Was this a barbaric tradition or was this ritual an honest attempt to better other villagers lives? Shortly after the publication of The Lottery in The New†¦show more content†¦Hutchinson cant help but finish washing her dishes before she meets her family at the square. After Tessie is the chosen one to die, it is her friend that initiates the stoning. Mrs. Delacroix, who picks up a stone so large that she has to use two hands, starts the murder by telling others to come on and hurry up. This shows no mercy for the victim, even when it may be a loved one. However the action of barbarism that tops all the others is Davy Hutchinson: The most pathetic figure of all is Davy Hutchinson who survives the drawing but who is forced, unknowingly, to take part in the ordeal. Someone gives him a few pebbles so that he, too, may share in the collective murder of his mother (Friedman 67). The above excerpt demonstrates that one function of the lottery is to change the relationship between community and victim (Magill 1673). At one instant all of the villagers are equal, but after the person is chosen to die, the rest of the village are predators hunting their prey. This change in feelings portrays a barbaric instinct towards the loser. Yet another inhumane action is how Nancy and Bill Jr. laugh after they realize they were not going to die. Maybe they laugh out of relief; nevertheless, they, in turn, display no feelings or thoughts of concern for someone else in their community who will be murdered. It is hard to visualize loving children, within a few minutes, go from dependence of mother to the murder of her. Friedman puts itShow MoreRelatedEssay Tradition or Cruelty in Shirley Jacksons The Lottery1147 Words   |  5 Pageshave many traditions. These traditions all have certain meanings behind them; however, many of those meanings tend to be lost or forgotten. The holiday of Thanksgiving was originally a celebration to commemorate the arrival of the pilgrims in the new world and their first interactions with the Native Americans. So then why is it still celebrated today? There is no actual purpose in today’s society to observe this custom.   It has just continued to be observed because of past tradi tions.   There isRead MoreThe Lottery vs the Destructors Essay examples1046 Words   |  5 PagesThesis In Shirley Jackson’s, â€Å"The Lottery†, and Graham Greene’s â€Å"The Destructors†, the author creates a story filled with symbolism, irony, grim reality, and a ritualized tradition that masks evil, which ultimately showcases how people blindly follow tradition. Outline I. Introduction II. Setting B. Time Period III. Plot A. What messages are seen inRead MoreResearch Paper on Shirley Jacksons â€Å"The Lottery†1141 Words   |  5 PagesShirley Jacksons â€Å"The Lottery† is a short story about the annual gathering of the villagers to conduct an ancient ritual. The ritual ends in the stoning of one of the residents of this small village. This murder functions under the guise of a sacrament that, at one time, served the purpose of ensuring a bountiful harvest. This original meaning, however, is lost over the years and generations of villagers. The loss of meaning has changed the nature and overall purpose of the lottery. This ritualRead MoreIgnornance of Tradition in The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson1014 Words   |  5 Pages Tradition, defined as the handing down of information, beliefs, and customs by word of mouth or by example from one generation to another without written instruction. (Tradition) Tradition is a core trait of humanity, from the time before recorded hi story to present, humanity has followed traditions or customs that have been passed down from generation to generation. More often than not communities all over the world blindly follow these practices with little regard to who startedRead MoreSummary On The Allegory Of Shirley Jacksons The Lottery871 Words   |  4 Pages Shirley Jackson’s story â€Å"The Lottery† serves as an allegory regarding humankinds inherent to be cruel and society’s ability to inure to violence. The author’s use of a third-person dramatic narrative combined with strong themes, symbols and irony clearly supports the lesson Jackson was trying to portray. Jackson’s short story shows how easy it is to be hostile when a group of villagers with a herd mentality blindly follow an outdated tradition and that evil knows no boundaries. JacksonRead MoreThe Theme Of Tradition In Shirley Jacksons The Lottery1638 Words   |  7 PagesDEATH BY TRADITION Henry James once said, â€Å"It takes an endless amount of history to make a little tradition.† In the short story, â€Å"The Lottery,† by Shirley Jackson deals with the insignificant nature of humanity when it comes to traditions. Today when one thinks about winning, one does not think about the community or close relatives; one thinks about how one is going to spend the money received. However, in Jackson’s short story, â€Å"The Lottery† represents a human sacrifice by means of stoning withRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson1764 Words   |  7 Pagesfilled with excitement and eeriness, leaving the reader speechless. The Lottery , a short story written by famous writer Shirley Jackson, created an uproar on June 26, 1948, when it was published in the magazine The New Yorker (Ball). The gothic thriller, set in an unknown time and place, shares the tradition of a small town, a little larger than three hundred people, in which a drawing is held once a year. In this â€Å"Lottery,† each family’s husband draws a slip of pap er from a black box. The husbandRead MoreAnalysis Of Shirley Jackson s The Lottery, And Kurt Vonnegut Jr. s Harrison Bergeron1604 Words   |  7 Pagespersonal values and beliefs can be found in Shirley Jackson’s, â€Å"The Lottery†, and Kurt Vonnegut Jr.’s â€Å"Harrison Bergeron†. These short stories describe situations in which the citizens allow the superiors to have full control, without thinking twice about the laws and traditions that require their submission. Both of these short stories are similar in theme, because each tells about a community that chooses to participate in cruel and inhumane traditions, rather than allow individuals to form theirRead More Foreshadowing in Shirley Jacksons The Lottery Essays1152 Words   |  5 PagesForeshadowing in Shirley Jacksons The Lottery      Ã‚  Ã‚   The Lottery, a short story written by Shirley Jackson, is a tale about a disturbing social practice.   The setting takes place in a small village consisting of about three hundred denizens.   On June twenty-seventh of every year, the members of this traditional community hold a village-wide lottery in which everyone is expected to participate.   Throughout the story, the reader gets an odd feeling regarding the residents and their annual practiceRead MoreThe Horror of The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson1375 Words   |  6 Pagesvillagers took part in the traditional lottery drawing and one villager was picked for the prize – a stoning. In 1948, Shirley Jackson published this short story known as â€Å"The Lottery,† in The New York Times. The story’s plot shocked readers all over America as they learned of the horror happening in such a quaint town. Jackson purposely set this tragic event in this innocent setting to emphasize humanity’s crue lty. Using her appalling short story, The Lottery, Shirley Jackson alarms readers with the ironic

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) - 1483 Words

Not too long ago, a national, television journalist announced that they were diagnosed with something called MDS. It was the host of â€Å"Good Morning America†, Robin Roberts, who reported that she had recently been diagnosed with MDS or myelodysplastic syndrome. She also stated that she had acquired MDS as a result of her initial battle with breast cancer. Robin Roberts is not only a national TV personality, but she is also a local celebrity here on the Gulf Coast. I was captivated by this obviously emotional announcement and the heartfelt outpouring given by Robin on her television show in front of millions of people. Thus, my interest prompted further investigation of how myelodysplastic syndrome affects the bone marrow and blood cells. Journal research from scientific, scholarly sources was necessary to know and understand exactly what type of challenges Robin Roberts is about to face in the weeks ahead. The Investigation of MDS According to the MD Anderson Cancer Center (2009), Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) is the name for a group of various disorders that affect the bone marrow. Bone marrow is where red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are produced (MFMER, 2011). MDS primarily occurs in the elderly population in ages 65 and older, but MDS can affect younger patients as well. Bone marrow produces immature blood cells often referred to as stem cells, progenitor cells, or blasts (Aggarwal, S., Van de Loosdrecht, A., Alhan, C., Ossenkoppele, G. J.,Show MoreRelatedRationale : Myelodysplastic Syndrome ( Mds )1999 Words   |  8 PagesRationale: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is not something that is common throughout my family, but since most of our medical conditions were commonalities with the rest of the United States population, I took a particular interest in this unusual condition. My paternal grandfather – a farmer and a military veteran – was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia in 1996 at the age of 72, which was his cause of death in 1999. Several years prior to this he was diagnosed with what was once referred toRead MoreDiagnosis And Classification Of Myeloproliferative And Myelodysplastic Disorders1678 Words   |  7 PagesMyeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndromes, two diverse groups of bone marrow disorders, are respectively characterized by an overproliferation or ineffective production of various blood cells. The clinical laboratory plays a prominent role in the diagnosis and classification of myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic disorders, each of which presents a unique set of morphologic, pathophysiologic, and genetic traits. The contemporary diagnosis and categorization of these syndromes emphasizes a combinationRead MoreMyelodysplastic Syndromes Are A Group Of Disorders Caused By Poorly Formed Or Dysfunctional Blood Cells1508 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders c aused by poorly formed or dysfunctional blood cells.† (Mayo Clinic 2015) Myelodysplastic syndromes, also known as bone marrow failure syndromes, occur when the bone marrow is not doing its job of providing enough functional, healthy blood cells. These syndromes generally occur with geriatric patients, and are responsible for a host of issues such as abnormal bleeding, infection, bruising, and anemia. People with these syndromes generally presentRead More5-Azacytidine is a Potential Chemotherapeutic Agents for Cancer1430 Words   |  6 PagesIt is sold under the brand name Vidaza. The drug was first synthesized in Czechoslovakia as potential chemotherapeutic agents for cancer. It is an inhibitor of DNA methylation and was approved by the US FDA for the treatment of Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in May 2004. MDS are diseases caused by abnormalities in the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow, which result in low production of healthy blood cells. Cytotoxic effect is exerted on rapidly dividing cancerous cells by the drug. This restoresRead MoreAzacitidine are DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitors641 Words   |  3 Pagesan analog for cytidine gets integrated into the DNA sequence of the DNMT gene, the gene turns dysfunctional, inhibiting the DNA methyltransferase enzymes which normally methylate DNA. Azacitidine is used primarily for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes or MDS- a blood disorder which affects the bone marrow leading to a low or ineffective production of blood cells. The cancerous overgrowth of a number of immature cells or blasts and the abnormally developed or dysplastic cells increase, therebyRead MoreTaking a Look at Myelodysplasia Syndrome1160 Words   |  5 PagesMyelodysplasia syndrome (MDS), is a type of disease that is associated with abnormal cells in the blood and bone marrow. Patients with the disease commonly have immature stem cells which result in unhealthy progenies such as platelets, red and white blood cells. There are different types of MDS, which are analyzed by certain changes in the blood or bone marrow. MDS can be more commonly found in Men in their 60’s seeing how the chances of myelodysplasia syndrome increases with age. Genetics alsoRead MoreEssay on Hematology1016 Words   |  5 PagesParoxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) also known as Marchiafava-Micheli Syndrome (named after Dr. Ettore Marchiafava and Dr. Ferdinando Micheli) For every million people only a few of them will get paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria which makes this a rare blood disease. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria affects both sexes and all ages equally. Patients with PNH suffer from a faulty or missing PGI-A gene which can be found within the erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes. ParoxysmalRead MoreProstate Cancer : A Common Type Of Cancer914 Words   |  4 Pagesthe other testicle. In fact, men who treated their cancer with surgery alone, have a greater chance of getting a second testicular cancer than those who were treated with chemotherapy. However, there is an increased risk of leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after receiving treatment with chemotherapy. Also, testicular cancer survivors are twice as likely to develop a new cancer outside of the testicles than those who never had it. Some examples of such cancers are: rectal, pancreas, bladderRead MoreAll And Its Effects For Lymphoblasts1355 Words   |   6 Pagesto treat other cancers, and -cancer-causing substances in tobacco smoke.Some people with pre-existing blood disorders like certain myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), or certain genetic disorders like Downs Syndrome, Bloom Syndrome and Fanconis anaemia may have a higher than average risk of developing AML. What are the symptoms? Read MoreChemical Surveillance Program For Leukemia1184 Words   |  5 PagesGrandbastien, B., Preudhomme, C., Fontaine, B., Brillet, J. M., . . . Fenaux, P. (2001). Occupational and environmental risk factors of the myelodysplastic syndromes in the North of France. British Journal of Haematology Br J Haematol, 112(4), 927-935. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.02645.x Pagano, L., Caira, M., Fianchi, L.., Leone, G., (2006). Environmental risk factors for MDS/AML. Haematologica reports. 2(15), 42-45. Checkoway, H., Eisen, E. A. (1998). Developments in Occupational Cohort Studies

Aluminium - Brass and Stainless Steel

Question: Discuss about the Report for Aluminium, Brass and Stainless Steel. Answer: Introduction In metal cutting industry, machining of products is major manufacturing processes. Industries are trying for improvement of the machine tool parameters so as to get better products at less cost. To achieve this in past several researches has been done to identify optimum condition for metal cutting. To get the optimum condition of machining quality some CNC machine tools are provided with adaptive controls system. It is system that modifies systems parameter online according to feedback. [Prabhu R., 2012] For enhancing the efficiency of machining processes getting optimize cutting forces is very important tasks. Machining parameter that affect power consumptions are depth of cut, cutting speed. Hence by focusing on this parameter by cutting forces measurement methods is expected to give significant impact on power reduction. These papers contain a brief analysis on the various effects of the cutting parameters on cutting force in the turning process. Improvement of cutting processes, optimization of the cutting parameter, and analysis of cutting technology are achieved by measuring cutting forces.[ Varalakshmi M.V.,2015] Experiment Procedure The job is fixed in chuck and flat the end face of work piece, operation facing is performed. For providing tapered hole job is drilled at centre so as to it be supported be the reference points. Dynamometer sensing unit is placed on CNC lathe by clamped it rigidly. Mount work-piece in chuck. Selected speeds in CNC controller to a suitable combination and start the machine. Wait for stabilizing, output of bridges and measured the maximum output for feed, thrust force. After that write readings.[ Prabhu R.,2012] Mechanics of metal cutting Metal cutting operation is performed by relative motion b/w cutting tool hard edge and the work piece. Cutting of metals can be done by multipoint cutting tool or single point cutting tool. Mainly by two kinds cutting of metal is performed that is oblique and orthogonal cutting. They are known as oblique and orthogonal. In orthogonal tool cutting edges angle is 90o to the direction vector of tools travel and if it is at an angle then known as oblique. For investigating cutting tool performance while cutting of metal, the cutting force measurement is very essential.[ Tulasiramarao B., 2014] Cutting forces Single point cutting tool have only single cutting force while machining but this force is further resolved into the two components so as for ease of the exploitation and analysis. Single force of cutting in turning is then resolved into two x-y components along the two orthogonal direction: X and Y[ Prabhu R., 2012]. These force components are-: Fx-: It is called thrust force act in radials direction. Fy-: That force is called cutting force that acts in feed direction (that is axial direction) Dynamometer Dynamometer measures cutting force in two perpendicular components while turning and that measured values are stored in computer with data acquisitions system. Dynamometer works on principle of the piezoelectric output in which charges proportional has to be measured. That charge is then passed through highly insulated cable to charge the amplifier to get conversions into the proportional voltage. A connection between in-line charge amplifier and dynamometer is of the paramount importance to measurement stability. Dynamometer output is amplified by charge amplifier and then data is collected in computer by mean of data acquisitions system.[ Varalakshmi M.V,2015] Work Piece Material used Aluminum Brass Copper Results Fx- Thrust cutting force in Newton Fy- Cutting force in Newton T- Time in seconds Conclusion From above research it is concluded that Stainless steel need highest amount of cutting force as compare to Brass and aluminum. Experimental analysis was performed on these materials at CNC turning machine tool. So this research paper describes reliable method to measure cutting forces during turning process with help of dynamometer. References Prabhu R.,2012 Effect of cutting Parameters on cutting force and surface roughness of Aluminum components using face milling process- a Taguchi Approach,ISOR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, ISSN: 2278-1684, Col. 3, Issue 4., Visited 10 Sep 2016, Available: https://iosrjournals.org/iosr-jmce/papers/vol3-issue4/B0340713.pdf?id=2561 Tulasiramarao B., 2014, Measuring cutting forces while cutting of different metals with different speeds, IJAIEM, ISSN 2319-4847, Volume 3, Issue 9, Visited 10 Sep 2016, Available: https://www.ijaiem.org/Volume3Issue9/IJAIEM-2014-09-28-66.pdf Varalakshmi M.V., 2015, Measurement of cutting forces while turning different materials by using lathe tool dynamometer with different cutting tool nomenclature, IJIRSET, ISSN: 2319-8753, Vol.4, Issue 7, Visited 10 Sep 2016, Available: https://www.ijirset.com/upload/2015/july/139_43_MEASUREMENT_NEW.pdf

Internet Key Exchange

Kang Balitanas (2009) define IKE as a spontaneous key management protocol created by the combination of several other different key management protocols, and serves as the default key generator for IPsec, a shortened form for Internet Protocol Security. It creates, encrypts and authenticates all secret keys generated between two computers on a network.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Internet Key Exchange specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It further helps to determine and configure security associations (SAs) necessary for a secure communication, and specifies the protocol format, cryptographic and hashing algorithms, used between the two computers. Kyburz (2010) notes that â€Å"the two peers on either side of the SA usually store the cryptographic keys, encryption algorithms, authentication schemes, and all integrity protection mechanisms supported by that connection in the SA†. All this information is exchanged between the two computers using digital signatures and message authentication codes (MACs). Easttom (2006) defines a digital signature as any accessional data included in a message, containing an e-mail addendum, used to corroborate the authenticity of the sender of the message. They are anchored on private and public encryption keys and use digital certificates (DCs), provided by Certificate Authorities (CAs). CAs use information supplied to them to generate the digital certificate, with an encrypted private key for the requester. Kyburz (2010) asserts that, the receiver of a signature will apply the signer’s public key in the decryption and verification of the signature. Where the public key is unknown, it can be requested through a certificate request (CR). According to Mason (2002), there are two distinct phases in an IKE protocol. Phase one includes the fabrication of an authenticated and secure channel, amid the two computers, that is called the IKE Securi ty Association, by the Diffie-Hellman key correspondence being performed. In the second phase, IKE negotiates the IPsec security associations and yields the preferred keying material. Kyburz (2010) notes that, â€Å"the generated key material is transferred to the IPsec, which tracks and supervises the security of all the subsequent communication channels†. The mechanisms that IKE uses to encrypt and authenticate all forms of communications between the initiator and responder are either symmetric or asymmetric. In an asymmetric key encryption system, one key referred to as the public key, is availed to everybody, and is used to encrypt a message, but only the recipient has got the private key to decrypt the message/data.Advertising Looking for assessment on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On the other hand, a symmetric data encryption, also referred to as conventional data encryption, uses a common key to encrypt an d decrypt data. The types of conventional encryption methods fall under the Extensible Authentication Protocols (EAPs) and include; Data Encryption Standard (DES), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), International Data Encryption Standard (IDEA) among others. These are discussed below. DES uses short keys and relies on sophisticated procedures to encrypt a large amount of data quickly and efficiently, resulting in scrambled data which is difficult to decrypt without the decryption code. Initially, the data is divided into 64-bit blocks which undergo permutation. The permuted data is then manipulated by sixteen separate steps of encryption involving bit-shifting, substitutions and logical operations using a 56-bit key. It is then scrambled using a swapping algorithm, after which the scrambled data is transposed again. It is a fast method that uses sophisticated algorithms to encrypt data. An improved version of the method- referred to as triple DES or simply DES-3 is available. It re peats the encryption procedure three times, coming up with a more complex encryption of the data, thus increasing data security. AES uses the rijndael algorithm to encrypt the data. It specifies 128-bit, 192-bit and 256-bit keys for its encryptions. It utilizes a block cipher and is considered a very secure encryption method. IDEA works with 64-bit blocks of data, two at a time and produces 128-bit keys. It uses sub-keys generated from the main key to perform modular arithmetic and XOR operations to encrypt the data. Kyburz (2010) identifies some weaknesses inherent in IKE. They include; Penultimate authentication flaws- where an active adversary intercepts data exchange between two computers trying to set up SAs. This results in attacks against session key secrecy, leading to impersonation in a communique. There is also random reveal weakness, whereby an active adversary is able to derive keys from both peers. It is also vulnerable to Key Compromise Impersonation attacks, in instan ces where an attacker is able to access long-term secret keys of a particular computer. Kyburz (2010) also includes identity protection and resource exhaustion as other limitations of IKE. Mason (2002) highlights the following advantages of Internet Key Exchange that make it a secure method for key exchange; IKE protocol allows for perfect forward secrecy, which ensures superior endurance to cryptographic attacks.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Internet Key Exchange specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kyburz (2010) on the other hand notes that IKE is able to protect the two computers against man-in-the-middle attack, inherent in the standard Diffie-Hellman protocol, since even the Diffie-Hellman key exchanges are encapsulated in IKE protocol. In addition, IKE also integrates traffic selectors which permit a superior IPsec policy negotiation based on IP address and port. References Easttom, C. (2006). Network defense and countermeasures: Principles and practices. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson. Balitanas, M., Kang, B. (2009). Vulnerabilities of VPN using IPSec and Defensive Measures. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology,volume 8, 306-791. Web. Kyburz, A. (2010). An automated formal analysis of the security of the Internet Key Exchange (IKE)-Protocol in the presence of compromising adversaries. (Master’s Thesis). Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich. Retrieved from https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/152399/eth-2226-01.pdf Mason, A. (2002). VPNS and VPN Technologies. Retrieved from Ciscopress.com: http://www.ciscopress.com/ This assessment on Internet Key Exchange was written and submitted by user Cloud 9 to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

NCAA SAT Scores What You Need to Be Eligible

NCAA SAT Scores What You Need to Be Eligible SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Calling all student athletes! Are you aiming to go to college as an NCAA athlete? Two important NCAA Clearinghouse requirements have to do with your high school grade point average (GPA) and SAT scores, which are compared on a sliding scale. Let’s talk about the eligibility criteria for NCAA athletics, and how you can achieve the scores you need. First, let’s review GPA requirements and how your GPA is calculated. How Your GPA Is Calculated Your GPA is calculated on a 4.0 scale, meaning your letter and percentage grade scores get translated to a number between 0.0 and 4.0. As you can see on the chart below, a 4.0 is an A or A+. A 3.0 is a B, and a 2.0 is a C. Letter Grade Grade Point Percentage A 4 94-100% A- 3.7 90-93% B+ 3.3 87-89% B 3 83-86% B- 2.7 80-82% C+ 2.3 77-79% C 2 73-76% C- 1.7 70-72% D+ 1.3 67-69% D 1 60-66% F 0 0-59% NCAA only looks at your core courses to determine your GPA. Your core courses include 4 years of English, 3 years of math at Algebra I level or higher, 2 years of natural or physical science (one lab if offered at any high school attended), 1 year of additional English, math or natural/physical science, 2 years of social science, and 4 years of foreign language, philosophy or comparative religion. You can review core course requirements here, as well as check your own high school to see which of its courses count as NCAA eligible core courses. Since NCAA is only looking at the grades in your core courses, your NCAA GPA may be different from the one provided on your transcript, which usually includes all your courses and electives. Another important requirement for NCAA is your SAT score. Let’s take a look at how the SAT is scored and why this matters for your NCAA eligibility clearinghouse. How the SAT Is scored Your SAT is scored in twosections, Math and Evidence-based Reading and Writing. NCAA doesn’t look at the optionalessay score, should you choose to take it, so all you have to worry about is Critical Reading and Math. These sections are scored out of 800, so you could get a maximum total of 1600 for Critical Reading and Math combined. Check out our article for a review of exactly how your SAT scores are calculated. To give a quick review, your scaled score falls somewhere between 200 and 800. It is calculated from your raw score, which is just the number of questions you got right minus 0.25 points (or a  ¼ of a point) for each question you got wrong. Skipped questions do not add or subtract anything from your score. If you answered 20 Critical Reading questions correctly and got one wrong, for example, then your raw score would be 19.75. This translates to a scaled score of about 430 in Critical Reading. If you take the SAT more than once (which is a good idea - students almost always improve the more times they take the test), then NCAA will look at your best section scores across all dates. So if your Critical Reading is higher on one test and your math is higher on another, the NCAA will take these scores to determine your SAT combined score for initial eligibility. Now that you know NCAA is looking at your core course GPA and Critical Reading and Math combined score, let’s discuss how they relate to each other. NCAA Eligibility: The Sliding Scale To be eligible for the NCAA, you need to achieve a certain GPA and SAT (Critical Reading + Math) score. However, what you need on your SAT varies with your GPA, and vice versa. If you have a high GPA, then the requirement for your SAT scores is lower. If your GPA is on the low side, then you need to make up for it with higher SAT scores. For example, let’s say your core course GPA is a 2.5. With this GPA, you need at least a combined score of 1000 on your Critical Reading and Math for your NCAA SAT scores. This could mean you get a 500 on both sections, a 600 on Critical Reading and 400 on math, or really any combination that adds up to a 1000. If you score an 820 on your SAT, which is a bit lower, then you would need a core course GPA of at least 2.95 to be eligible for NCAA. This chart shows the requirements for student athletes who aim to play on Division I teams. Starting August 1, 2016, you will need at least a 2.3 GPA to fully qualify. Students with a GPA between 2.0 and 2.3 may qualify for â€Å"Academic Redshirt† - they will get athletic aid and practice but cannot compete. Scroll down to see the sliding scale for Division II. Division I Division II Core Course GPA SAT (Verbal and Math) Core Course GPA SAT (Verbal and Math) 3.550 above 400 3.300 above 400 3.525 410 3.275 410 3.5 420 3.25 420 3.475 430 3.225 430 3.45 440 3.2 440 3.425 450 3.175 450 3.4 460 3.15 460 3.375 470 3.125 470 3.35 480 3.1 480 3.325 490 3.075 490 3.3 500 3.05 500 3.275 510 3.025 510 3.25 520 3 520 3.225 530 2.975 530 3.2 540 2.95 540 3.175 550 2.925 550 3.15 560 2.9 560 3.125 570 2.875 570 3.1 580 2.85 580 3.075 590 2.825 590 3.05 600 2.8 600 3.025 610 2.775 610 3 620 2.75 620 2.975 630 2.725 630 2.95 640 2.7 640 2.925 650 2.675 650 2.9 660 2.65 660 2.875 670 2.625 670 2.85 680 2.6 680 2.825 690 2.575 690 2.8 700 2.55 700 2.775 710 2.525 710 2.75 720 2.5 720 2.725 730 2.475 730 2.7 730 2.45 730 2.675 740-750 2.425 740 2.65 760 2.4 760 2.625 770 2.375 770 2.6 780 2.35 780 2.575 790 2.325 790 2.55 800 2.3 800 2.525 810 2.275 810 2.5 820 2.25 820 2.475 830 2.225 830 2.45 840-850 2.2 840 above 2.425 860 2.4 860 2.375 870 2.35 880 2.325 890 2.3 900 2.275 910 2.25 920 2.225 930 2.2 940 2.175 950 2.15 960 2.125 960 2.1 970 2.075 980 2.05 990 2.025 1000 2 1010 Now that you have a sense of what scores you need, read on to find out exactly what steps you should take to hit your target scores. How To Achieve Your Target SAT Scores Create a Testing Strategy As we said above, NCAA only looks at your Critical Reading and Math scores - they do not look at Writing. So right off the bat, you can focus your prep and energy on those two sections. Find out your core course GPA so you know exactly what your target scores are. Since this is a composite target score, you can define your own goals for each section. Where do your strengths lie? Do you like reading and analyzing texts, or are you more of a math person? Once you know your target composite score, you can play to your strengths by focusing your prep more on one section than on the other. With your target scores figured out, you can also determine what raw score you need, or how many questions you can afford to get wrong or leave blank in each section. For example, to get a 400 in Critical Reading, you need a raw score of 16, or only 16 correct answers out of 67. To get a 400 on math, you need a raw score of 13, or only 13 correct answers (keeping in mind the 0.25 point deduction for wrong answers). You could even skip â…“ of the questions in math and still achieve qualifying scores for NCAA! This means you can leave the hardest ones completely blank. This way you won’t waste time on questions you’re unsure about, and you won’t risk getting the 0.25 point deduction. While you also shouldn’t waste too much time determining which questions are hard and which are easy, you can be strategic about how many questions you answer. So skip the ones that are totally unfamiliar and look for ones you know to build up your raw score. Treat SAT Prep Like Your Sport Just like with your sport, you’ll improve your SAT performance through training. Doing well on the SAT is about how prepared you are. Studying will help you get comfortable with the concepts, familiar with the format of the tests, and skilled at pacing yourself under timed limits. To keep up your training schedule, you need to access the same values of practice, dedication, discipline and internal motivation that you give to athletics. Make time to practice, drill your weaknesses, and become an SAT pro. Understand the Test Make sure you understand the content and format of the SAT. Check out our free E-Book and other resources to learn more about the test. By understanding the skills and subskills being tested, you can figure out what exactly you need to master. The math section, for example, covers algebra, geometry, probability, and number operations, to name a few. Each skill can be further broken down - for example, algebra may involve solving equations, graphing functions, and other problem types. Not only will a thorough understanding of the test help you figure out exactly what you need to study, it will also help you break up your studying into small, manageable goals that will aid you in seeing your progress over time. Remember, NCAA continues to have academic requirements once you reach college, so these principles and this approach to studying will help you succeed as a student-athlete throughout college. Find Time in your Busy Schedule With your busy schedule of school, homework, practices, and games, you don’t have the luxury of studying here and there in your spare time. Make a schedule and set aside specific time for SAT prep. Creating and sticking to a schedule is critical in ensuring that you prepare sufficiently. You can also add some extra practice to your busy day with SAT Questions of the Day. They are a quick and easy way to practice online or on your phone, to try a wide variety of questions, and to figure out where you need to practice more. Take the Test More Than Once Students almost always improve the second and third time they take the test. Since NCAA will take your highest section scores across all test dates, you can take the SAT more than once without worrying about one section score going down. Start early to give yourself enough available test dates. If the test registration fee is financially difficult, check out our article on SAT fee waivers to see if you might be eligible to have the fee waived. When you register for the SAT, enter 9999 to indicate the NCAA Eligibility as one of your score recipients. To Sum Up†¦ Now that you know all about how the NCAA sliding scale works, you can figure out your core course GPA and NCAA SAT requirement well ahead of time, at least in early junior year. This way you’ll have enough time for test prep and to take the SAT more than once to reach your target scores. Since you already have proven yourself to have the drive, discipline, and motivation to be an NCAA athlete, now you have to believe in your academic self and access these same qualities to achieve your target scores and continue your career as a student-athlete at the college level. What’s Next? How long is each section in the SAT? Get familiar with the SAT’s timing and length and learn about how you can prep for this long test. Feeling crunched for time? Learn 9 important strategies for saving time while taking the SAT. Is the test day drawing near? Get tips for test day - everything you need to know to perform your best on test day. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also feature thousands of practice questions, 10 official SAT practice tests, and personal feedback on your essays from an expert instructor. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Antebellum Steamboats

The success was amazing. People could now defy wind, waves, tides, and downstream currents. Carrying capacity doubled. Keelboats went up the Mississippi at about 1 mph which was very expensive. The steamboats traveled over 10 mph against the current. By 1820 there were 60 steamboats on the Mississippi. By 1860 there were over 1000. Rivalries developed and led to racing. The steamboats led to an opening of the West and South which were filled with rivers. Until 1830 the products of the western region went southward and very little finished products made their way back west. The steamboat helped to send the finished products upriver and helped bind West and South together. This binding inspired the transportation revolution. In 1787, John Fitch built the first recorded steam powered boat in the United States. It was propelled by a row of oars on each side of the boat. He experimented with side-mounted paddle wheels, but in 1790 he used stern mounted oars instead. Fitch was the first to operate a steamboat commercially. It had scheduled transport of passengers and freight on the Delaware River in 1790. The first successful use of steam power to navigate a paddle wheel boat in America was in 1793. Samuel Morey used his steamboat on the Connecticut River. Robert Fulton became interested in steamboats at the age of 12 when he visited William Henry in 1777. He built and tested an experimental steamboat on the Seine River in 1803. Before returning to the United States, Fulton ordered a steam engine from Boulton and Watt, and built what the North River Steamboat. In 1807, the ship began passenger service between New York City and Albany. Antebellum Steamboats The success was amazing. People could now defy wind, waves, tides, and downstream currents. Carrying capacity doubled. Keelboats went up the Mississippi at about 1 mph which was very expensive. The steamboats traveled over 10 mph against the current. By 1820 there were 60 steamboats on the Mississippi. By 1860 there were over 1000. Rivalries developed and led to racing. The steamboats led to an opening of the West and South which were filled with rivers. Until 1830 the products of the western region went southward and very little finished products made their way back west. The steamboat helped to send the finished products upriver and helped bind West and South together. This binding inspired the transportation revolution. In 1787, John Fitch built the first recorded steam powered boat in the United States. It was propelled by a row of oars on each side of the boat. He experimented with side-mounted paddle wheels, but in 1790 he used stern mounted oars instead. Fitch was the first to operate a steamboat commercially. It had scheduled transport of passengers and freight on the Delaware River in 1790. The first successful use of steam power to navigate a paddle wheel boat in America was in 1793. Samuel Morey used his steamboat on the Connecticut River. Robert Fulton became interested in steamboats at the age of 12 when he visited William Henry in 1777. He built and tested an experimental steamboat on the Seine River in 1803. Before returning to the United States, Fulton ordered a steam engine from Boulton and Watt, and built what the North River Steamboat. In 1807, the ship began passenger service between New York City and Albany.

Green Town Football Club Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Green Town Football Club - Assignment Example An Administrator also will be a part of the club's structure, his/her duties will include, assisting with the registrations, tournaments and also with the correspondence. Treasures also will be a part of the club and his/her major duties will include, looking after the financial matters of the club. Another important duty of his/her will be to maintain records of the financial activities of the club. Age coordinators will also feature in the part of the club's structure, their main role will be to - Since the club is a non - profit organization, the equipment will be sponsored by the sponsors. The Grounds men will take care of all the equipment and the last part which is communication will initially be done by memos. This structure is required because this is the easiest structure that can be adopted while forming a football club and the whole structure will be brought in effect gradually, which means that the interested people will be selected one by one depending on their capabilities. Commission for children and young people stresses upon the fact that, every child is a valued member of the society, this should be kept in mind all the time and all the coaches should make sure that no child is hurt in any manner off the pitch. "The child's views and wishes should be taken into account in a way that has regard to the child's age and maturity" (Legislation, 13 September 2008). This should be kept in mind and all the coaches should adhere to this strictly. All the children should be given a chance to play, no matter how good or bad they play. How they play should be secondary, the primary objective of the coaches should be to make sure that active participation takes place. There will be different coaches, handling the different age groups of children which will depend upon their experience and zeal. For the young children training will take place in the afternoons during the weekdays, the coaches should make sure that only the fittest players are selected as it would take the strongest children to bear the heat. Parents who will drop their children to training and who will leave after dropping their children, such children should be made comfortable and should be well taken care of by the coaches because the children will be the sole responsibility of the club during this period. Any mishap caused to them will ultimately affect the reputation of the club. Hence it should be made sure that the safety of such children is well taken care of by the coaches. Any kind of transportation requests by the parents should be turned down very politely; doing so will reduce the vulnerability of the children as far as the coaches are concerned. Clause This is to make some important things very clear, first of all soccer is an unpredictable game not only in the sense of result but also the consequences of crunching tackles, so this is to warn all the parents and guardians that the club will not be held responsible if any

Hobbes and Lockes Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hobbes and Lockes - Term Paper Example This section compares and contrasts Hobbes’ and Locke’ political theories on the nature of consent and contracts, where they have similar beliefs because they both think that consent is needed to form valid contracts. Hobbes and Locke share similar views on why consent and contracts are needed to cope with the State of Nature. Consent means that people are willing to leave the State of Nature to form a civil society that will serve communal needs and interests. Hobbes asserts that a covenant is needed to create a civil society that evades the State of Nature. He employs several terms to explain the roles of citizens and the Sovereignty in civil society. He uses the understanding of consent in relation to the status of the Sovereign as an Artificial Person by showing, that, by public consent, someone becomes an Artificial Person that has greater power than a natural person. Hobbes describes a person as someone â€Å"... ... Hobbes argues that the Secondary State of Nature can allow the making of a valid contract because it concerns obligations and includes God as the source of enforcing power of laws: â€Å"All therefore that can be done between two men not subject to Civil Power is to put one another to swear by the God he feareth.† Because of their belief in God, they can agree on making and following a contract. Apart from fear of the State of War, Hobbes maintain that people have to give consent to create contracts. He notes that the covenant binds people upon their recognition of the Common-wealth: â€Å"I Authorize and give up my Right of Governing myself, to this Man, or to this Assembly of men, on this condition, that thou give up thy Right to him, and Authorize all his Actions in like manner.† People do not want to be completely alienated from each other despite the State of War, so it becomes relevant for them to confer authority on the Common-wealth as a binding Covenant. Their consent allows them to produce a Commonwealth and to accept their Sovereign ruler. Likewise, Locke believes that people consent to the social contract first before it becomes valid, and like Hobbes, he notes that people do not want a State of War, so they want to enter a civil society. Hobbes and Locke agree that consent is needed to form valid contracts and that when people are coerced to form contracts, these contracts are invalid. Hobbes says: â€Å"The cause of Feare, which maketh such a Covenant invalid, must be alwayes something arising after the Covenant made.† Locke confirms that consent must not be forced, or else, the contract is voided. Locke further believes that consent can be tacit or express; however, consent must be express to fully participate in the government. He stresses that

Alchemy :: Expository Essays Research Papers

Alchemy The science by aid of which the chemical philosophers of medieval times attempted to transmute the baser metals into gold or silver. There is considerable divergence of opinion as to the etymology of the word, but it would seem to be derived from the Arabic al=the, and kimya=chemistry, which in turn derives from the late Greek chemica=chemistry, from chumeia=a mingling, or cheein, 'to pour out' or 'mix', Aryan root ghu, to pour, whence the word 'gush'. Mr. A. Wallis Budge in his "Egyptian Magic", however, states that it is possible that it may be derived from the Egyptian word khemeia, that is to say 'the preparation of the black ore', or 'powder', which was regarded as the active principle in the transmutation of metals. To this name the Arabs affixed the article 'al', thus giving al-khemeia, or alchemy. HISTORY OF ALCHEMY: From an early period the Egyptians possessed the reputation of being skillful workers in metals and, according to Greek writers, they were conversant with their transmutation, employing quicksilver in the process of separating gold and silver from the native matrix. The resulting oxide was supposed to possess marvelous powers, and it was thought that there resided within in the individualities of the various metals, that in it their various substances were incorporated. This black powder was mystically identified with the underworld form of the god Osiris, and consequently was credited with magical properties. Thus there grew up in Egypt the belief that magical powers existed in fluxes and alloys. Probably such a belief existed throughout Europe in connection with the bronze-working castes of its several races. Its was probably in the Byzantium of the fourth century, however, that alchemical science received embryonic form. There is little doubt that Egyptian trad ition, filtering through Alexandrian Hellenic source\s was the foundation upon which the infant science was built, and this is borne out by the circumstance that the art was attributed to Hermes Trismegistus and supposed to be contained in its entirety in his works. The Arabs, after their conquest of Egypt in the seventh century, carried on the researches of the Alexandrian school, and through their instrumentality the art was brought to Morocco and thus in the eighth century to Spain, where it flourished exceedingly. Indeed, Spain from the ninth to the eleventh century became the repository of alchemic science, and the colleges of Seville, Cordova and Granada were the centers from which this science radiated throughout Europe.

Making a Case for Premarital Education

Based on current information gathered from empirical analysis, professional/public opinion, and rational debate, Stanley (2001) constructed four arguments that support an increased need for premarital counseling. The arguments were â€Å" presented for the plausible benefits of engaging in premarital preventive efforts on a broad scale† (Stanley, 2001, p. 272). The author’s arguments include: 1. Using premarital strategies to slow couples down in an effort to allow them time get to know one another better before jumping into marriage. . Using premarital counseling strategies to emphasize the importance of the marital union and the long-term family and societal consequences attached to the decision to marry. 3. The use of premarital strategies will demonstrate that there are resources available to assist couples when they start to experience marital discord. 4. Couples participation in premarital education programs are less likely to have marital problems and are less li kely to divorce (Stanley, 2001).Stanley (2001) presents the arguments as possible research programs that could be studied further to help develop a better understanding of what strategies can be implemented to lower and/or prevent divorce and decrease marital distress. Scott Stanley makes some compelling arguments for the need of premarital counseling and places emphasis on all of society taking an attitude of prevention in regards to developing strategies to effectively deal with the high divorce rate and high levels of marital discord that our country is currently battling.While the arguments have a sound basis are very rational, they lack validity from empirical research. Stanley (2001) acknowledges the need for more empirical research is needed to determine how to successfully prevent marital distress for society as a whole and lower the current divorce rates. Silliman and Schumm (2000) support the need for more research on this topic when they discuss how further attention to t heoretical frameworks to guide premarital counseling is needed although the research and practice of premarital counseling have already been established.A high rate of divorce is one of many social problems affecting society today. Stanley (2001) states, â€Å"it is estimated that approximately 40% or more of new marriages among the younger generation will eventually end in divorce† (p. 272). There currently seems to be a push to put things in place to help prevent marital and family breakdown and the suggestion that couples should be required to undergo premarital education to help improve and prevent marital distress.Risch et al (2003) support the use of premarital counseling when they state, â€Å"marriage preparation programs have been used by practitioners and couples for decades, generally speaking programs aim to enhance the quality and stability of marriages and the content is chosen with this goal in mind† (p. 2). This preventative approach is an area that is receiving much attention worldwide as some governmental units are requiring premarital counseling as a means to reduce divorce and strengthen families† (Stahmann, 2000, p. 104).It is certainly advantageous to have preventative programs in place to assist couples who make a commitment to the union of marriage. This union affects the couple directly, their growing family, their separate families, and society as a whole. Premarital counseling strategies can be viewed as society’s commitment towards promotion and the attainment of a happy and healthy life. Anything preventative should be viewed as worthwhile means to the end. While new research is being developed, there is a lot to say for taking the necessary steps to put preventative measures in place to deal with what is currently known about the topic.Premarital counseling should be viewed as a practice to promote general health to the entire family system. The preventative measures associated with these strategies can cleanse the entire family system as they can assist in the decrease in marital discord and divorce, which have a cause and affect relationship with domestic violence, child abuse, and mental health issues related to the consequence of a broken marriage. This is a good example of how â€Å"an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure† (Benjamin Franklin).

Q. Tarantinos Use of Different Film Elements in Kill...

Q. Tarantinos Use of Different Film Elements in Kill Bill and Pulp Fiction Quentin Tarantino has used the lightning, colour, sound, camera, mise-en-scene, iconography, speed of editing and special effects in Kill Bill and Pulp Fiction to make the audience want to carry on watching. These film elements have been used very effectively by the director in the openings of both films to build audience interest. The first aspect – lightning was very helpful in building interest in Kill Bill. The opening scene of Kill Bill is in black and white. It was originally coloured but the critics have decided that the blood which appears in this scene is too offensive and have†¦show more content†¦When the audience thinks about the stereotypical wedding, they would expect happy, excited and perhaps nervous atmosphere, lots of bright, warm colors and people around with smiles on their faces talking about the fabulous ceremony and the two families being joined. This is why the situation is very confusing for the audience – it happens rather seldom, or does not happen at all, that the bride is cruelly beaten up during her own wedding, the whole thing does not meet the audience’s expectations regarding ‘a wedding’. This also effectively gets the audience to want-to- watch to look for an explanation – why did this happen? How did the situation get so bad that the bride is killed on her own wedding†¦? The color in the opening of Pulp Fiction does not tell the audience a lot about what could eventually happen. The scene is set in a bar, possibly a cafà © where breakfast/dinner is served. The colors are not contrastive nor bright or attention-grabbing because they give a sense of casualty and every day life. The woman wears a purple top, the man has jeans and a Hawaiian shirt on. Again, it shows the reality and the aspects of every day life – dressed normally because nothing special is going to happen. In Kill Bill the only colours are black and white. The scene was made black and white partly due to censorship issues and for dramatic effect. Looking at the effect of theShow MoreRelatedRole of Violence in the History of Cinema987 Words   |  4 Pagesa litany of films that have imagery or plots that include violent acts. However, their different directorial visions and styles make it so that Hitchcock and Tarantino films are nothing alike. This is because Hitchcocks obje ctive was to make the audience feel afraid, tense, and anxious for the protagonist, whereas Tarantinos objective is to illustrate the absurdity of violence by elevating the macabre to the level of humor. Both Hitchcock and Tarantino are brilliant directors who use violence in

Biology Ecology Of Life Lab - 1595 Words

0. Title Page Ecology of Life Lab Courtney Patton 3/16/16 - 4/1/16 1. Introduction: During this project, we tested if washing your hands multiple times would affect the bacteria growth on your hands. I think that the more you wash your hands, than there would be less bacteria growth each time. This experiment will help to show us just exactly how the bacteria on our hands if affected as we wash them. This way we will be able to see the bacteria better because a single bacteria would need a microscope to be visible to the human eye. Since I wiped my finger on the agar plate, the bacteria will grow fast and will start to form colonies of bacteria. After the bacteria forms colonies, you won’t need a microscope to be able to see the bacteria. This will show us how washing your hands can keep you from getting sick or spreading a sickness you already have. 2. Materials: Paper towels Soap Incubator Wax Pencil Agar Plate Parafilm Sealing Film Student Data Sheet 3. 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male and female relationships Essay - 592 Words

Female vs. Male Friendships nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Male and female friendships are different and alike in many ways. They differ in how men and women can relate to each other both physically and emotionally. Men and women also differ in the communication aspect. In both friendships, there is a certain level of competitiveness, and the friends obviously will have the same interest in common. Friendships will differ from person to person because of the different personalities, but there will be the same likes and differences. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Physical and emotional closeness definitely is different for men and women friendships. Women can be physically close to each other and be very comfortable, for example sleeping in†¦show more content†¦For example, when women don’t talk to each other for a couple of days, sometimes those days will be seen as the friendship is coming to an end. If a man does not talk to his friend on a regular basis, to a man that just means that their friend is either busy or is just hanging with other friends. Men are better with confrontation then women. A man will come right out and tell his friend that he is upset with his actions, whereas a woman will act as if nothing is wrong and continue the friendship and eventually blow up at her friend. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In both friendships, there will be a certain level of competitiveness, whether or not the sexes admit to it. Both men and women compete for the opposite sex. There are other things that they compete at such as academics, sports, looks, video games and just about everything in general. No matter if it is a male to male, female-to-female or female to male, in all friendships there must be a common interest. Without that interest, there is no friendship. Whether it is a mutual friend or what kind of beer you like, that interest must be present or there is no reason for the friendship. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Different personalities will obviously determine who will be friends. Male and female friendships are alike in that they both are seeking friends with the same interest and they compete with each other. Men and womenShow MoreRelatedFemale Relationships Between Female And Male Conversations884 Words   |  4 PagesAs the laugh they all laughed, and the joke they all told, and the secrets they all shared. Female and Male friends are similar and distinctive in so many ways. But one thing they share among each other is their friendship. Such Conversations, Activities and personalities are displayed differently between male and females. It is evident that female and male conversations differ from each other. Females can hold a conversation on the phone for hours and not run out of things to say, beginning fromRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper : Relationship Between Male And Female Essay1372 Words   |  6 PagesSpogmay THE YELLOW WALLPAPER In the text â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† the relationship between male and female reveal the way women were governed by men and other male influences in the 19th century. The protagonist is nameless, giving her no identity, while the male/husband has a name in the story. In the Y.W the protagonist tries to play the role of a good domestic wife and submit to what her husband John says. There are times where she disagrees with John, for example when the protagonist disagreesRead MoreEssay on Male and Female Relationships in Generation Y3731 Words   |  15 PagesMale and Female Relationships in Generation Y Sexual relationships among teenagers today involve not only dating and sexual activity, but also health and lifestyle issues such as sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies. Today’s teens are more informed and willing to practice safe sex than previous generations. As a whole, trends like body piercing for sexual pleasure all the way to strict abstinence have been adopted by Generation Y youth (Codrington). Where did it all beginRead MoreHow male/female relationships are portrayed in Macbeth and poems2512 Words   |  11 PagesMale/female relationships are portrayed differently in the poems ‘Porphyria’s Lover’, ‘Havisham’, ‘Cousin Kate’ and the play ‘Macbeth’. They all surround the themes of love, hate, jealousy, betrayal, guilt and obsession. However, the love versus hate theme is most dominant because all of the poems and the play have a melancholy mood, showing how the key characters have been hurt by love through their relationships and how afterwards, the way they feel has also been affected. Shakespeare’s charactersRead MoreThe Depiction of Male/Female Relationships in Tolstoys War and Peace1929 Words   |  8 Pagesa way of exploring the various types of love, and in general the interactions between men and women of the time. This essay will attempt to focus on these relationships in an effort to get a better idea of Tolstoy’s views on the proper roles that men and women should play as friends, lovers, or spouses. By exploring the male/female relationships among the noble families, a detailed picture of both the expectations and realms of acceptable behavior will be established. Pierre Bezhukov, the illegitimateRead MoreMale And Female Relationships : The Gilb s Love And The Love Of My Life2599 Words   |  11 PagesMale and female relationships have different aspects to them. The male in most male and female relationships reflect how dependent the female will be in everyday life. Depending on how dependent the female is on the male in her life, may cause her to not be able to think for herself. The more dominant the male is, the more dependent the female will be. This statement can be proved in Fin’s â€Å"The Bridegroom,† in Gilb’s â€Å"Love in L.A.,† and in Boyle’s â€Å"The Love of My Life.† Ha Jin is the author of theRead More Comparing Male and Female Relationships in Cat in The Rain and Hills Like White Elephants by Hemingway1039 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Male and Female Relationships in Cat in The Rain and Hills Like White Elephants by Hemingway This relationship is examined closely in two short stories. The stories, Cat in The Rain, and Hills Like White Elephants, both show a man and a woman in what seems to be a quiet and passive moment. However in both stories, Hemingway carefully uses imagery and subtlety to convey to the reader that the relationship in the story is flawed, and is quite clearly dysfunctional. Both male charactersRead MoreMale And Female Relationships : An Important Integrant Of Nineteenth Century British Society And Literature1587 Words   |  7 PagesMale-to-male relationships are an important integrant of nineteenth-century British society and literature. Throughout the nineteenth-century shifts of masculine self-identification took place (Dellamora, 2). And homosociality is the unacknowledged entity that exists between the intestacies of solid masculinity. Jean Lipman-Blumen defines homosocial as: Enjoyment, and/or preference for the company of the same sex†¦it does not necessarily involve†¦an explicitly erotic sexual interaction betweenRead MoreExplore the Relationships Presented Between Males and Females, by Shakespeare in Romeo and Juliet, in the First Two Acts.1423 Words   |  6 PagesExplore the relationships presented between males and females, by Shakespeare in Romeo and Juliet, in the First Two Acts. Even before we delve into the metaphorical and poetic world of William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, the fate of our titled characters has already been told as we find out about ‘A pair of star-crossd lovers’ who ‘take their life’. However the story, as we begin to read, is far from explained and unfolded, in fact, Romeo and Juliet have not even met. The characters inRead MoreCompare How Male Female Relationships in Two of the Following Emma, Wuthering Heights and Great Expectations-- Reflect the Mores and Values of Victorian Society1467 Words   |  6 Pageshow male female relationships in two of the following Emma, Wuthering Heights and Great Expectations-- reflect the mores and values of Victorian society â€Å"The Victorian period formally begins in 1837 (the year Victoria became Queen) and ends in 1901 (the year of her death)† (Kirschen).  British novels such as Wuthering Heights and Emma reflect and uphold mores and values of the Victorian society. This is portrayed through the characters in the novels where high priority is given to the male female

Rhode Island Free Essays

Cotton is estimated to have been grown, spun and woven into clothes in Pakistan, in the Indus River valley, 3000 years B. C. The natives of Egypt Nile valley also used cotton to make clothes at the same time. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhode Island or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cotton was introduced to Europe by the Arab merchant about 800 AD cotton was found growing in the Bahamas Islands in 1492, a discovery by Columbus. Cotton became known worldwide, by 1500. Cotton was first planted in 1556 in Florida and 1607 in Virginia. In 1730 cotton was first spun by use of machinery in England. This led to the industrial revolution and later invention of the cotton gin in US that paved way for the modern cotton industry. A patent of gin in 1793 was secured by a native of Massachusetts known as Eli Whitney. The machine would do the work 10 times faster than by use of hand. The gin made it possible for the later fast growing textile industry. The supply of large quantities of cotton fibre led to the growth of cotton growing in the early 1800s. Cotton had its importance in late 1700s and early 1800s; the research paper will be discussing cotton’s importance then. Earlier on James Hargreaves in 1760s invented the spinning Jenny which was later improved on by Richard Arkwright (Waterwheel Spinning Frame). Springing up of textile mills and cottages for imported workers was to follow. This saw the birth of factory system with the first successful system of mass production. Others who contributed to industrial revolution in cotton production included; Fulton’s steamboat in 1807, Stephenson’s locomotive in 1825, Cyrus McCormick’s reaper in 1831, the Howe-singer sewing machine in 1854 and Sir Henry Bessemer’s converter in 1858. Discussion Cotton growing in the early 1800s led to the textile industry development. For example the invention of spinning machines led to further improvement to produce better machines to be used in the textile industry. James Hargreaves invention of spinning Jenny in 1760s resulted to further improvements on the machinery. The inventions led to the industrial revolution, which led to the increased production of cotton. The textile industry grew very fast to produce cotton fibre, which were used by the people in the early 1800s. Cotton growing led to the improvements in transportation system. Coal was required as fuel and iron for the new machinery in the cotton textile manufacturing. Both coal and iron mining increased to provide raw materials for the manufacturing companies. New roads were developed to satisfy the transportation requirements. There was the development of rail roads and steamships for easy access of mines and easy supply of the material to the textile industries. Employment was created in the newly created factories. Between the years 1793-1858, invention of cotton gin, steam engine, steamboat, locomotive, sewing machine and the converter was seen. The cost of producing cotton clothing was lowered by the introduction of the new devices. This created a worldwide demand for cotton. The farm workers in the cotton farms were freed to enter into the newly created factories. This promoted employment of the people in the factories. Cotton enhanced huge amount of capital investment by the south. The south region due to increased rate of cotton manufacturing invested a lot of capital and labor in cotton growing plantations. Profits were made by big planters by use of slaves in labor. For example Mississippi in United States quickly developed an economy based on growing cotton. This led to the growth of the economy in years that followed. Development of electric power was as a result of shortage of waterpower in Mississippi. The advent of steam power later led to the development of electric power. In the given economy electric power increased efficiency and led to rapid growth of the cotton industry in other regions. The economy was able to grow very fast due to increased revenue and investment. Cotton growing led to the growth of the agricultural economy. New species of cotton were introduced to maximize the yield. Use of slave lab our and poor payment of workers reduced the textile’s industries expenditure. High revenue was channeled back to move production of cotton. The cotton plantations continued to increase in number enhancing growth of the agricultural sector. On the other hand cotton growing promoted the use of slave labor in the plantations for example, cotton manufacturing in the south led to investment of capital and labor in cotton growing. The big plantations used slave labor. The slaves would do a lot of work without payment. Slaves were exploited by cotton manufacturing industries to provide labour in their farms. Worker’s had very poor living and social conditions. Apart from the slave labour, those who were employed in the plantations were paid very poorly. The workers could not afford to live well due to the low income they earned from the cotton farms though they continued working. This influenced the later movement of people from the colonial farms to the urban areas in search of greater income and better working conditions. There was use of child labour in cotton growing. In Rhode Island, Samuel Slater in 1970 reconstructed spinning machines to establish a 72-spindle mill (first successful water-powered spinning mill in America) . Young children between 7-12 years were employed to operate machines. This left cabin and domestic weavers to weave yarn into cloth. This was referred to as â€Å"Slater or Rhode Island system’ and was later emulated by manufacturers in other states. Cotton production increase can be attributed to the inventions of machines in the textile industry, availability of cheap or slave labour and increased investment of capital and growth of the agricultural economy with time. In 1973, the south produced 10, 4510 bales of cotton, then 177,824 bales in 1810 after the invention of cotton gin. This later increased to up to 7 million bales by 1850. In conclusion, cotton had both positive and negative effects on the economy of the states where it was grown in the early 1800s. From those many years, cotton has become one of the most important textile fibre in the world. From few regions where it was grown, it has spread to many areas while technological advancements have increased its productivity. References Paul . S, Neal S, Clifford. C, Kett. F, 2008. The Enduring vision . A history of the American people How to cite Rhode Island, Papers

Inventions of the future free essay sample

If youve ever seen the classic James Bond flick Thunderball, you probably remember that great action scene in which 007 makes his escape from some bad guys by slipping on a rocket-equipped backpack and blasting off into the sky [source: Parker]. Jet packs were first dreamed up by German scientists during World War II, and after the war, the Pentagon longed to develop its own version [source: Kaku]. In the 1950s, at Bell Aerosystems in New York, a visionary engineer named Wendell F.  Moore created his own version of the concept, a 125-pound (57-kilogram) rocket belt powered by a canister of liquid nitrogen. For its part, the U. S. military eventually gave up on jet packs as a practical mode of battlefield transportation, in part because flyers could only carry enough fuel to stay aloft for less than half a minute [source: Rocketman. com]. But we are getting really close to the jet packs we were promised. We will write a custom essay sample on Inventions of the future or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page New Zealand-based Martin Aircraft has approval for manned test flights of its P12 Jetpacks. And although the company has sent unmanned packs 5,000 feet (1,524 meters) in the air, these manned flights will only be 20 feet (6 meters) over land and 25 feet (7. 6 meters) over water [source: Oremus]. And guess what the company is taking orders. Law enforcement and government agencies can order one for an expected mid-2014 release, and private jet pack enthusiasts (and who isnt) can get on a waiting list for a possible 2015 purchase [source: Martin Jet Pack]. ROBOT MAIDS The most obvious answer to a complaint about the lack of robot maids is of course, Hey, buddy, go buy a Roomba. Because while they dont really resemble George Jetsons robotic maid Rosie, modern bots do carry out a host of floor vacuuming, tile scrubbing and pool cleaning chores. Of course, the vision of the computerized maid goes beyond mere automated dust busting. What weve been waiting for is a true robotic domestic servant capable of safely navigating a human living environment to carry out everything from cleaning the toilet to cooking pancakes. But in order to actually move through our kitchens and interact with us, robots will need to be capable of social learning. A truly social bot will need to evaluate environmental stimuli with a discriminating eye. In short, a true robotic maid would need to be autonomous. Scientists from Cornell University are on the case, and are slowly creating robots that might be able anticipate human needs. They predict that in the next few years we might see a robot maid who can do some specific tasks. So far, theyve already developed a robo-maid who can open a fridge and pour you a beer [source: Carroll]. A far greater help than, say, folding laundry. ATOMIC POWERED HOMES In the 1950s, when the U. S. government first approved the creation of nuclear plants for generating electricity, some Americans fantasized about a future in which small, personal nuclear reactors would be commonplace gadgets. In 1955, Robert E. Ferry, general manager of the Institute of Boiler and Radiator Manufacturers, gave a speech in which he predicted that individual homes would be heated and cooled by small reactors within three to six years. Although that hasnt happened nearly 60 years later, there was some movement to create mini-reactors that might power small communities or even homes. As recently as 2008, company Hyperion Power Generation (now Gen4 Energy) was claiming that it had developed nuclear power plans smaller than a garden shed that could power 20,000 homes and would be on sale by 2013 [source: Vidal and Rosen]. However, 2013 hit, and still no progress on this nuclear sunset.

UPS Procurement Strategy Analysis

Executive Summary The following paper is a presentation of procurement strategies as well as procurement tools within a selected organisation in the logistics industry. The paper begins with a detailed profile of the procurement process and function in the organisation as informed by a number of documents on the company obtained through relevant databases over the Internet. The paper also includes an analysis of the research materials in an attempt to establish solutions to some of the challenges in the company’s procurement configuration.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on UPS Procurement Strategy Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The findings of research into the company’s procurement process establish that even though the company has invested in a number of techniques to facilitate the same, several challenges still exist. These challenges include the absence of a clear outline of the p rocurement strategy in the organisation and a detachment of the several units and departments involved in procurement, thus causing delays and inefficiencies. In addition to the above problems, there is an apparent disconnection between customers and the production process, thus causing delays in the final product reaching the intended consumers. This paper covers several sections that allow easy interpretation of the procurement process in the selected organisation. It begins with a background of the organisation with the inclusion of the several changes in its procurement functions. The presentation of a detailed strategy and operations in the firm follows before concluding with the recommendations section. The selected company is United Parcel Services (UPS). Background of UPS UPS was founded in the 1907 and it has grown from its original coverage of the US to cover more than half of the globe courtesy of having services in over 200 countries around the world. With its headquarte rs in Atlanta, the company has been the leader in package delivery with millions of parcels and documents being delivered daily. The company has also grown in revenue over the period it has been in existence and it is listed in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The company has presence in all the continents with coverage of almost all the regions of the world. There is also diversification in the company, which allows easy courier and distribution functions in the industry. The major divisions formed since its inception includes the UPS Mail Innovations, UPS TeleService, UPS Aviation, UPS Air Cargo, UPS Capital Corporation, and UPS Professional Services among others. These have constantly changed over the years with the functions remaining within the organisation and addition of others. The company uses its characteristic brown fleet of vehicles and aircrafts to deliver parcels and packages. According to the UPS Supply Chain Solutions (2012, p.9), ‘the company spent billions of dollars in a state-of-the-art tracking system and in the investment of some of the latest technologies in the industry’. The update of its technological capability is also reported to cost it more than the operation of the aircrafts and the courier vehicles.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For a proper analysis of the company’s performance, the operations can be grouped into domestic package that the company runs in the US, International package for its international market, and the non-package sectors. A historical performance index reveals that the organisation has a performance of approximately $24 billion in 2002 revenue for the domestic package: $4.7 billion in international trade and $2.7 billion in revenue for the non-package section. This performance was an improvement in revenue from the previous year’s performance where all the section s recorded lower revenues. However, by the year 2012, the company had grown to a total of US$ 54.1 billion, with an operating income of US$ 1.343 trillion and a net income of US$ 807 million (UPS Supply Chain Solutions 2012). The company has also grown from employment of handful employees to have over 397,000 employees in all the branches worldwide (UPS Annual Report 2012). The company also has over 8.8 million customers worldwide, who are served by the over 70,900 retail outlets in different parts of the world. There are also over 100,000vehicles forming its delivery fleet (UPS Annual Report 2012).Some subsidiaries have also been added to the original components of the organisation. The company has expanded its operations with the domestic market still constituting the largest share of its operations. However, in the recent past, the company has set to strengthen its international presence with the opening of several new branches across the world and introduction of the Internet-ba sed trade. Analysis of UPS’s Procurement Function In the process of procurement, an organisation should ensure that the acquired goods and services are appropriate with the best cost attainable and in the appropriate quantity, location, and time. UPS has a basic procurement process utilised by most organisations, which takes the standard route with the customers being the final recipients of the products and suppliers being at the beginning of the chain. In this section, the main areas of focus in the procurement process for UPS are global sourcing, supplier and collaboration, e- procurement and information, and cost reduction systems. Figure I: UPS: Executive board organisational chartAdvertising We will write a custom coursework sample on UPS Procurement Strategy Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Figure II: Flow of materials through an organisation Source: (Qrunfleh Tarafdar 2013) Global sourcing Global sourc ing is an important part of any organisation and especially that of the size of UPS. According to Quintens et al. (2006), international purchasing cannot be excluded from any organisation that has the desire to succeed at the international front. UPS has set up effective measures of global sourcing, which contribute to its current state of success globally. Wynstra et al. (2003) posit that there is a need to integrate the purchasing process and product development. Some researchers have suggested that outsourcing leads to negative effects on the performance of a company, but this aspect is dependent on the specific industry (Dabhilkar et al. 2009).Alternatively, if outsourcing is applied with the right initiatives, there is a high probability for positive results. In the case of UPS, global sourcing contributes significantly and the same has grown exponentially over the last decade as domestic competition increases. UPS has also applied strategic purchasing methods in these levels, with global sourcing being a key pillar of the strategies. Paulraja et al. (2006) classify strategic purchasing into three basic levels. The company has managed to integrate the supply activities between the organisation’s customers and the external suppliers who form the largest part of global sourcing in many organisations (Paulraja et al. 2006). UPS recognises the importance of global outsourcing, which has been placed central to its procurement strategy.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As Trautmann et al. (2009, p.205) state, ‘companies engage in global sourcing for a variety of reasons, not just to achieve economies of scale’. Some of the reasons of global outsourcing as recognised in UPS include the sharing of knowledge and the provision of the organisation with the best practices in its engagement with customers (Monczzka et al. 2002). Danese (2013) also stresses the importance of global outsourcing, as it improves the performance of any organisation that is in a position to establish itself in this field. UPS has made clear policies on outsourcing and specifically global sourcing. Through these policies, the company has been in a position to achieve international cooperation and partnerships and the same translating to improved returns and ease in the logistics industry. Supplier and collaboration UPS has collaborated with a number of companies, both in the past and recently, with some examples being companies such as IBM and Oracle. This move has enabled to company to ease its international and local presence with outlets for its services increasing with such partnerships. The collaboration has also seen the company take on the Internet space and diversify its services to the specification of the customers. Researchers have established a relationship between the successes of a company with the collaboration that it can achieve in the industry that it is situated. According to Claycomb and Frankwick (2010, p.256), some of the benefits include ‘information exchange and conflict resolution mechanisms’. However, others have reported negative effects of collaboration between companies with the suggestion that organisations should strive to be specialised in only one sector (Weele 2010). Given the logistics in the industry that UPS is located, collaboration is a significant part of existence and this view has informed the collaboration with suppliers and distributers. Supplier collaboration is also a significant cont ributor to cohesion within an organisation (Daspit et al. 2013; Lysons Farrington 2000), and UPS enjoys the same since its inception. The company has also managed to build trust between it customers and its suppliers with little negative incidents in its procurement process being reported in the period it has been in existence. In a study that examined the effects of trust between organisations in the supply chain, Stuart et al. (2011) proved that basic trust is necessary for effective collaboration. Collaborative networks are also important in the industry and UPS has built a large network in the courier industry where its service can be found in many parts of the world. Relational marketing literature also emphasises on the importance of building collaboration amongst companies (Stanko et al. 2007), and thus UPS has entered into partnerships with key industry players to ensure that competition is reduced and bridges built. Over the past decade, the company has proceeded to acquir e a number of related companies to expand her territories. The culture of organisations is also important to consider, as some of these organisational cultures may influence the outcome of collaboration. Claycomb and Frankwick (2010, p. 252) support this view by stating that some of the important aspects of a partnership in any industry ‘include information exchange and conflict resolution mechanisms’. Some of the issues that have arisen in the procurement process in UPS have emerged from failure of mechanisms set in place to ensure easy flow of information between some of its partners. Despite the support accorded to the supplier collaboration with an organisation, some researchers state that supplier involvement in the process of procurement and product development may be harmful to an organisations performance (Wynstra et al. 2001). The researchers continue to state that few of the organisations have thus ventured in to the involvement of suppliers in their productio n process (Wynstra et al. 2001). Interestingly, UPS has continued to experience growth in the presence of collaboration with its key suppliers over the last century of existence. E- Procurement and information UPS has invested in e-commerce in a number of ways. The company remains the first in the industry to utilise the Internet as a tool in its procurement process after investing billions of dollars every year for the last number of decades. The investments into cyberspace and information technology have exceeded the operational costs for the vehicle delivery and the air delivery services. As Qrunfleh and Tarafdarstate (2013) posit, information system in the current century is inseparable from the supply chain and application of the same in any supply chain can boost its performance. The company has a number of uses for e-procurement. Cisco, which is an affiliate company of UPS, is reported to sell approximately 90 percent of its products online with the special requests and speci fications being made the same way (UPS Supply Chain Solutions 2012). The clients are also allowed to easily check the product quality and test it via the same route, thus allowing them to confirm the details of delivery. The clients can now perform transactions at any time of the day and night, and UPS is notified of its product status through the same mode (UPS Supply Chain Solutions 2012). The company then uses the Internet to crosscheck the details of the orders and then due process is followed to the appropriate customers. Another example of the Internet use by UPS to link clients and provide efficient services is that of ScubaToys.com and its interaction with UPS OnLine (UPS Supply Chain Solutions 2012). The company is in a position to deliver the toys in a matter of hours to the rightful customers with shipment to different times only taking a number of days. The companies have managed to use the Internet to link the supply and customers directly, which facilitates trade and p rofitability. The payments for the services are also made electronically and clients can track their orders using a mobile phone software application called UPS Mobile (UPS Supply Chain Solutions 2012). The healthcare sector is a key part of UPS, which forms an integral part of its supply chain. With growing concerns over the safety of the supply chain, UPS has moved to ensure that the industry is safe by initiating measures aimed at temperature control and safety of medical appliances and drugs during transit. The Arizona State University (ASU) is also a beneficiary of the UPS Store, which is a franchise of one of UPS subsidiaries. The institution had a challenge of safely delivering mail to its large body of students before the company simplified the process and used technology for the same. The institution can now keep track of the mail.UPS, through its Customer Solutions section, also offered solutions to the challenge of goods damaged during transit for Plow Hearth. UPS was in a position to develop an economical solution to ensure that Plow Hearth customers were satisfied. They were also in a position to reduce transport costs and increase returns. Greve and Davis (2012) also offer solutions to some of the logistical problems that companies face and they use the model of UPS as an efficient logistical company. Vivo Technology, which is a company dealing in laptop parts, also had challenges with the efficient delivery of the parts to the markets and UPS offered solutions to the company by ensuring improved delivery efficiency. Cost reduction systems UPS has invested in a number of ways to ensure that the costs of doing business are reduced. Proper procurement strategies are some of these measures and the company has managed to stay competitive. As Glock and Hochrein (2011, p.173) state, ‘purchasing organisation is important for the competitive success of the purchasing department and the firm’. UPS has ensured that the purchase of the relevan t services and goods in its line of trade are properly done. One of the measures applied is the use of e-commerce as highlighted above. Another of these measures is the collaborative effort put in place, thus ensuring that it is in a position to attract other likeminded companies towards the goal of efficiency. Anderson and Katz (1998, p. 1) support this assertion by noting that the ‘cost of cutting alone has been a disappointing means of improving profits’. Svahn and Westerlund (2009) also established the use of collaborative networks as another way or reducing costs in the operation of companies. UPS has invested in cheap ways of transporting and delivering documents and parcels, and these methods include bulk shipping and chattered flights. The services have ended up being cheaper and competitive with the resultant goods being affordable. Karjalainen (2011) also states that such means of reducing pricing is the most effective. Recommendations Prioritisation of procur ement process – There are a number of possible recommendations for UPS in its procurement process. The first one is that the company should attempt to redefine its organisational structure to ensure that procurement is made a priority. A representative of the same function should be appointed to handle the department, and this individual should be answerable to the CEO and the Board members only. The strategy will ensure that the procurement process in the company is swift and efficient. Close supplier involvement – UPS should ensure that the suppliers are involved directly in the development of any new services and [products. To this effect, a supplier development team should be formulated, with the functions including quality assurance for the suppliers. Effective supplier interaction will see the company rank among the most successful in the industry. The team should also facilitate knowledge sharing between the suppliers and the company’s clients. This will provide them with the opportunity to interact with the procurement process, increasing returns for the company. Industry Takeover – The company also needs to show more collaborative efforts with the smaller companies in the industry. The other way to ensure collaboration with suppliers is through appropriate service provision where the company offers reduced charges for customers of certain organisations if they use UPS delivery systems. This aspect would increase the volume of trade that the company handles, thus increasing the profitability. One other way that the company has a chance of improving collaboration in the industry between it and other companies is through the promotion of services offered by these partners and engaging in joint product marketing. In the use of e-commerce, the company has demonstrated certain strengths; however, a number of recommendations are plausible. One is that the company should enable full electronic payments for all its customers, as thi s move would allow more accountability and price controls. It would also reduce some of the operational costs incurred through increased staffing to take care of the manual financing still evident in the organisation. The company should also rebrand its website and ensure that customers have access to the various services through the website. Customers should also be in a position to predict the delivery time of products through information provided over the website. UPS should also keep up with technology through investment in the latest communication systems in the market with the creation of more mobile applications to facilitate transactions. In the cost reduction strategy, the company should diversify the products and series that it offers to complement each other to ensure that they are in a position to cut the operational costs. An example is the airline industry that the company invested in, which has allowed it to transport more parcels at a cheaper price. The company shoul d also invest in cheaper transport means for its packages and parcels by investing in cleaner technologies such as the electric propulsion system. In a bid to reduce operational costs, the company could also shift its operations from the United States to areas where there is cheaper labour such as the People’s Republic of China. Reference List Anderson, M Kartz, P 1998, ‘Strategic Sourcing’, International Journal of Logistic  Management, vol. 9 no. 1, pp. 1-53. Claycomb, C Frankwick, G 2010, ‘Buyers’ perspectives of buyer–seller relationship development’, Industrial Marketing Management, vol. 39 no.2, pp. 252–263. Dabhilkar, M, Bengtsson, L, Haartman, R Ahlstro, P 2009, ‘Supplier selection or collaboration? Determining factors of performance improvement when outsourcing manufacturing’, Journal of Purchasing Supply Management, vol. 15 no.2, pp.143-153. Danese, P 2013, ‘Supplier Integration and Company Perf ormance: A Configurational view’, Omega, vol. 41 no.6, pp.1029–1041. Daspit, J, Tillman, J, Boyd, N Mckee, V 2013, ‘Cross-functional team effectiveness; An examination of internal team environment, shared leadership, and cohesion’, Team Performance Management, vol. 19 no. 2, pp. 34-56. Glock, C Hochrein, S 2011, ‘Purchasing Organisation and Design: A Literature Review’, Business Research Official Open Access Journal of VHB German  Academic Association for Business Research, vol. 4 no. 2, pp. 149-191. Greve, C Davis, J 2012 Recovering lost profits by improving reverse logistics. Web. Karjalainen, K 2011, ‘Estimating the cost effects of purchasing centralisation—Empirical evidence from framework agreements in the public sector’, Journal of  Purchasing Supply Management, vol. 17 no.3, pp. 87–97. Lysons, K Farrington, B 2000, Purchasing supply chain management, Prentice Hall, New York. 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Wynstra, F, Weele, A Weggemann, M 2001, ‘Managing supplier involvement in product development: three critical issues’, European Management Journal, vol. 19 no. 2, pp. 157–167. Wynstra, F, Weele, A Weggemann, M 2003, ‘Exploring purchasing integration in product development’, Industrial Marketing Management, vol. 32 no. 1, pp. 69– 83. This coursework on UPS Procurement Strategy Analysis was written and submitted by user Gloria F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.